02 · Living Atlas · Catalogue
Institutional experiments
Every case with its status, legal standing and the mechanisms it uses. Sort any column; export what you see.
| Name | Type | Location | Since | Status | Legal status | Key mechanisms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend | Representative | Juneau (state capital) | 1982 | Operating | Recognised | |
| Albania's AI 'minister' Diella | State-administered zone | Reference point: Tirana, seat of the Albanian government | 2025 | Contested | Contested | |
| Athenian democracy (Classical Athens) | Direct democracy | Reference point: the Acropolis of Athens; the polity governed the whole of Attica | 509 BC | Closed / failed | Not applicable | |
| Auroville | Consensus / assembly | Tamil Nadu, India | 1968 | Operating | Recognised | |
| Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (Rojava) | Participatory | Reference point: Qamishli, the administrative centre of the Jazira canton | 2012 | Closed / failed | Unrecognised | |
| Better Reykjavik (Betri Reykjavík, since 2010) | Participatory | Reference point: Reykjavik | 2010 | Operating | Recognised | |
| British Columbia Citizens' Assembly on Electoral Reform (2004) | Deliberative / sortition | Reference point: Victoria, seat of the Legislative Assembly; the process covered the whole province | 2004 | Closed / failed | Recognised | |
| Brook Farm | Cooperative | Approximate: West Roxbury, now part of Boston, Massachusetts | 1841 | Closed / failed | Recognised | |
| Champlain Housing Trust | Representative | Vermont, United States | 1984 | Operating | Recognised | |
| CityDAO | On-chain / algorithmic | Park County, Wyoming (approximate location of land parcel) | 2021 | Network polity | Recognised | |
| Cosmopolitan democracy | Hybrid | Online | 1995 | Network polity | Not applicable | |
| Decide Madrid and the Consul software (since 2015) | Participatory | Reference point: Madrid city centre | 2015 | Operating | Recognised | |
| Decidim Barcelona | Participatory | Catalonia, Spain | 2016 | Operating | Recognised | |
| Demarchy | Deliberative / sortition | Online | 1985 | Network polity | Not applicable | |
| Distributism | Cooperative | Online | 1912 | Network polity | Not applicable | |
| Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) | State-administered zone | Dubai, United Arab Emirates | 2004 | Operating | Recognised | |
| Epistocracy | Representative | Online | 2016 | Network polity | Not applicable | |
| Estonia e-Residency | Digital state service | Reference point: Tallinn, where the programme is administered | 2014 | Network polity | Recognised | |
| Estonian Internet voting (i-voting, since 2005) | Digital state service | Reference point: Tallinn, seat of the State Electoral Office | 2005 | Operating | Recognised | |
| Evergreen Cooperatives (Cleveland, Ohio) | Cooperative | Reference point: University Circle; the businesses sit in neighbouring areas such as Glenville and Collinwood | 2008 | Operating | Recognised | |
| Free Territory (Makhnovshchina), Ukraine | Hybrid | Reference point: Huliaipole, the movement's centre; the controlled area shifted repeatedly and had no fixed border | 1918 | Closed / failed | Unrecognised | |
| Freetown Christiania | Consensus / assembly | Copenhagen, Denmark | 1971 | Operating | Recognised | |
| French Citizens' Convention for Climate (2019–2021) | Deliberative / sortition | Reference point: Palais d'Iéna, Paris, seat of the CESE where the convention met | 2019 | Closed / failed | Recognised | |
| G1000 Citizens' Summit (Belgium, 2011) | Deliberative / sortition | Approximate reference point: Tour & Taxis, Brussels, where the summit was held | 2011 | Closed / failed | Unrecognised | |
| Gitcoin quadratic funding | On-chain / algorithmic | Online | 2019 | Network polity | Not applicable | |
| Global citizens' assembly (proposed permanent body) | Deliberative / sortition | Global | 2021 | Network polity | Not applicable | |
| Gross National Happiness (Bhutan) | State-administered zone | Reference point: Thimphu, capital of Bhutan | 1972 | Operating | Recognised | |
| Haudenosaunee Confederacy (Iroquois League) | Consensus / assembly | Approximate: Onondaga Nation territory near Syracuse, New York, where the Grand Council fire is kept; member communities also lie in Canada | 1600 | Operating | Not applicable | |
| Hutterite colonies | Hybrid | Approximate: Bon Homme Colony, Bon Homme County, South Dakota, the first colony in North America (1874). Most colonies today are in the Canadian prairie provinces | 1528 | Operating | Recognised | |
| Icarian communities (Étienne Cabet) | Direct democracy | Nauvoo, Illinois, the main colony. Other sites: Denton County, Texas (1848); Cheltenham, Missouri; near Corning, Iowa; near Cloverdale, California | 1848 | Closed / failed | Recognised | |
| Iceland crowdsourced constitution | Participatory | Reykjavík | 2011 | Closed / failed | Recognised | |
| Icelandic Commonwealth (Þjóðveldið) | Hybrid | Reference point: Þingvellir, site of the Althing | 930 | Closed / failed | Not applicable | |
| Ireland Citizens' Assembly (2016–2018) | Deliberative / sortition | Dublin area | 2016 | Closed / failed | Recognised | |
| Israeli kibbutz movement | Direct democracy | Approximate reference point: Degania Alef, the first kibbutz; kibbutzim are spread across Israel | 1910 | Operating | Recognised | |
| Italian Regency of Carnaro (Fiume) | Hybrid | Rijeka (Fiume), the Regency's seat | 1919 | Closed / failed | Unrecognised | |
| Kerala People's Plan Campaign | Participatory | Statewide; marker at Thiruvananthapuram | 1996 | Operating | Recognised | |
| Kleros (decentralised court) | On-chain / algorithmic | Online (Ethereum, Arbitrum) | 2018 | Network polity | Not applicable | |
| Landsgemeinde of Glarus | Direct democracy | Glarus, Switzerland | 1387 | Operating | Recognised | |
| Legislature by lot | Hybrid | Online | 2018 | Network polity | Not applicable | |
| Liberland | Hybrid | Gornja Siga (approximate) | 2015 | Contested | Unrecognised | |
| Marinaleda (Andalusia, Spain) | Participatory | Reference point: Marinaleda town centre | 1979 | Operating | Recognised | |
| MetaDAO (futarchy on Solana) | On-chain / algorithmic | Online (Solana) | 2023 | Network polity | Not applicable | |
| Metagov | Hybrid | Online | 2020 | Network polity | Not applicable | |
| Mill's plural voting | Representative | Online | 1861 | Network polity | Not applicable | |
| Mondragon cooperatives | Cooperative | Basque Country, Spain | 1956 | Operating | Recognised | |
| New Harmony (Owenite community) | Hybrid | Town of New Harmony, Posey County, Indiana | 1825 | Closed / failed | Recognised | |
| Off-world settlement governance proposals (Mars) | Charter / proprietary governance | Outer space (Mars) | 2015 | Network polity | Not applicable | |
| OGAS: the Soviet national automated management network | State-administered zone | Soviet Union (Moscow, Kyiv) | 1962 | Closed / failed | Not applicable | |
| Oneida Community | Hybrid | Approximate: Oneida Community Mansion House area, Kenwood, near Oneida, New York | 1848 | Closed / failed | Recognised | |
| Oregon Citizens' Initiative Review (since 2010) | Deliberative / sortition | Reference point: Salem, seat of the Oregon state government | 2010 | Operating | Recognised |
Showing 79 cases · statuses are editor-verified