How each model solves the same problems
Instead of “democracy versus anarchism”, compare the concrete ways collective problems get solved.
| Question | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| How are decisions made? | Residents propose capital projects; city services check feasibility and merge ideas; residents vote online and in person; winners are built by the city. | A stratified random sample of 523 voters deliberated in moderated groups and plenaries and answered questionnaires before and after; no decisions were taken.Sortition / citizens' assembly | Unknown | |
| How are conflicts resolved? | Administrative review and committee merging of similar ideas; disputes over eligibility are settled by the city. | Balanced briefing materials, trained neutral moderators and competing experts structured disagreement. | Unknown | |
| How are public goods funded? | A share of the municipal investment budget funds playgrounds, schools, greening, sport and cycle facilities, with an earmark for working-class neighbourhoods.Participatory budgeting | Privately funded; produced published results, media coverage and a peer-reviewed study. | Unknown | |
| How is AI used? | No AI role. | No AI role. | Unknown | |
| What are the main risks? | Low and socially skewed turnout; administrative agenda control; projects substituting for ordinary spending; narrowing of eligible categories. | Self-selection into attendance; artificial setting; analysis by the method's designers; no institutional uptake. | Unknown |
This illustrates differences in design; it is not a universal claim about outcomes. Each cell links to mechanisms and the claims behind them.