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Roman Republic

Britannica Editors · Encyclopaedia Britannica · 2026

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Type: Web page
Author: Britannica Editors
Accessed: 2026-09-01
Reliability notes: Online article, accessed 23 October 2026.

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EstablishedThe republic's core institutions were two annually elected consuls, a Senate that advised magistrates and in practice held great power, and popular assemblies (centuriate and tribal) that elected magistrates and voted on laws; tribunes of the plebs could veto.EstablishedThe republic ended after civil wars: Caesar took power as dictator and was assassinated in 44 BCE, Octavian won at Actium in 31 BCE, and in 27 BCE Octavian received the name Augustus and the title princeps.