“Kibbutz population grew until about 1990 and then declined, falling from over 5 per cent of Israel's Jewish population in 1952 to under 2.5 per cent in 2000; most kibbutzim raised children in communal children's houses from the 1920s to the 1970s, and a University of Haifa survey found 188 kibbutzim had adopted the 'renewing' model with differential pay.”

Context. Peak figures differ: Abramitzky's series shows about 124,600 around 1990, Wikipedia gives 129,000 in 1989. The survey percentage and the base number of kibbutzim also differ between sources.