Polity Atlas
EstablishedSource attached · not independently reviewedCLM-0497 · as of 2026-10-27 · about: GiveDirectly's universal basic income study in Kenya (since 2017) · Author: Polity Atlas editorial team

“After about two years, long-term UBI villages had more enterprises and net revenues up by slightly more than 50%; labour supply did not change overall but shifted from wage work to self-employment, and lump sums had similar or larger economic effects.”

Context. A working paper, not yet peer-reviewed; two of the authors are GiveDirectly directors.

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