The Roots of Direct Democracy in the United States: South Dakota's 1898 Referendum Creating the First Statewide Initiative Process
John Dinan,Jac C. Heckelman — The Roots of Direct Democracy in the United States: South Dakota's 1898 Referendum Creating the First Statewide Initiative Process (2024)John Dinan; Jac C. Heckelman · 2024 · Article · IntroductionEstablishedSource attached · not independently reviewedCLM-0197 · as of 2026-10-23 · about: Initiative and referendum · Author: Polity Atlas editorial team
“South Dakota was the first US state to adopt statewide initiative and referendum, in 1898. California ratified initiative, referendum and recall on 10 October 1911 under Governor Hiram Johnson's Progressive majority.”
Evidence that supports
2History of Initiative and Referendum in California
History of Initiative and Referendum in California (2026)2026 · Web pageEvidence that contradicts
0No counter-evidence recorded.
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