Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States
Albert O. Hirschman — Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States (1970)Albert O. Hirschman · 1970 · BookEstablishedSource attached · not independently reviewedCLM-0013 · as of 2026-10-23 · about: Exit, voice and loyalty · Author: Polity Atlas editorial team
“Hirschman distinguished two responses to decline in organisations — exit and voice — and argued that loyalty affects the balance between them.”
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