Policy Experimentation under Pressure in Contemporary China
Alexander S. Heffer,Gunter Schubert — Policy Experimentation under Pressure in Contemporary China (2023)Alexander S. Heffer; Gunter Schubert · 2023 · Article · AbstractDisputedSource attached · not independently reviewedCLM-1055 · as of 2026-10-30 · about: Experimentation under hierarchy · Author: Polity Atlas editorial team
“Whether local experimentation declined under Xi Jinping's centralisation is disputed: Heffer and Schubert, analysing over 3,000 local government documents, argue that local governments are still expected to innovate and are now punished if they do not, a pattern they call experimentation under pressure.”
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Context
Red Swan: How Unorthodox Policy-Making Facilitated China's Rise
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