Polity Atlas
Report

Marked for Life: Songbun, North Korea's Social Classification System

Robert Collins · Committee for Human Rights in North Korea (Washington, DC) · 2012

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Type
Report
Author
Robert Collins
Accessed
2026-09-01
Reliability notes
ISBN 0985648007. Based on defector interviews and North Korean documents.

Claims citing this source

1 claims
EstablishedNorth Korea's songbun system classifies families into core, wavering and hostile classes, subdivided into about 51 categories, and has shaped residence, work, education, food rations and marriage.