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Étienne Cabet

Encyclopaedia Britannica · 2026

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2026-09-01

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EstablishedCabet's novel Voyage en Icarie (1840) set out his communist ideal; in 1848–49 he and followers began colonies in the United States, first in Texas and then at Nauvoo, Illinois.EstablishedConflict over Cabet's authority split the Nauvoo colony in 1856, and he died in St Louis that November; the Nauvoo colony disbanded in 1860.DisputedSources disagree on when the last Icarian communities ended: scholarly accounts date New Icaria near Corning to 1898 and Icaria Speranza in California to 1886, whereas Britannica's Cabet entry gives 1884 for Corning and 1895 for Cloverdale.