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BookPrimary source

The Communistic Societies of the United States

Charles Nordhoff · Harper & Brothers · 1875

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Type: Book
Author: Charles Nordhoff
Accessed: 2026-09-01
Reliability notes: Contemporary visitor's account of Shaker, Oneida, Icarian and other communities.

Claims citing this source

2 claims

EstablishedMutual criticism, by the whole community or a committee, was the community's main instrument of discipline; Noyes described it as taking the place of backbiting, and Britannica calls it a shaming technique that enforced social control.EstablishedIcarian governance combined elected officers with majority rule: an annually elected president and directors for departments, and at Corning weekly meetings of all adults.