01 · Knowledge Atlas
Switch to graph viewAn encyclopedia of social systems
Theories, political philosophies, economic models, institution types and forms of self-government — each idea traced through theory, real examples, critique and results.
All entries · A–Z
- FederalismConceptA system in which authority is constitutionally divided between a central government and regional governments, neither of which can unilaterally abolish the other. Examples include the United States, Switzerland and Germany.
- FederationInstitution typeA state in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between a central government and constituent units, each acting directly on citizens. About 25 countries with some 40% of the world's population are federations, from the United States (1789) and Switzerland (1848) to India and Belgium.
- Free Territory (Makhnovshchina), UkraineExperimentAn anarchist-influenced peasant movement around Huliaipole, southern Ukraine, led by Nestor Makhno. Between late 1918 and 1921 it held territory, backed local soviets, communes and regional congresses, and fought Whites, nationalists and Bolsheviks.
- Freetown ChristianiaExperimentA self-governing neighbourhood in Copenhagen founded in 1971 in former military barracks, with decisions taken by consensus in common meetings.