How each model solves the same problems
Instead of “democracy versus anarchism”, compare the concrete ways collective problems get solved.
| Question | + Model | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| How are decisions made? | About 60 randomly selected residents learn, deliberate and vote; recommendations with at least 80% support are treated as binding on the mayor, lower ones as advice.Sortition / citizens' assembly | A stratified random sample of 523 voters deliberated in moderated groups and plenaries and answered questionnaires before and after; no decisions were taken.Sortition / citizens' assembly | |
| How are conflicts resolved? | Facilitated small groups and supermajority voting; independent coordinators choose experts; disputes over competence end with other authorities. | Balanced briefing materials, trained neutral moderators and competing experts structured disagreement. | |
| How are public goods funded? | City-funded process; outcomes direct municipal spending on flood retention, emergency help and clean-air measures. | Privately funded; produced published results, media coverage and a peer-reviewed study. | |
| How is AI used? | No AI role. | No AI role. | |
| What are the main risks? | Binding force rests on a mayoral promise, not law; recommendations beyond municipal powers; irregular frequency. | Self-selection into attendance; artificial setting; analysis by the method's designers; no institutional uptake. |
This illustrates differences in design; it is not a universal claim about outcomes. Each cell links to mechanisms and the claims behind them.