How each model solves the same problems
Instead of “democracy versus anarchism”, compare the concrete ways collective problems get solved.
| Question | + Model | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| How are decisions made? | The Juntas Generales and Diputaciones Forales of each territory set and collect taxes; a Joint Commission with the State agrees changes and the quota method unanimously. | A 28-member General Council (half elected by parish, half by national list) elects the head of government; the co-princes sanction laws with countersignature. | |
| How are conflicts resolved? | A Junta Arbitral settles disputes over taxpayer residence and collection; Spanish courts and the EU Court of Justice review tax measures. | A four-member Constitutional Tribunal appointed by the co-princes and the General Council; ordinary courts. | |
| How are public goods funded? | Health, education, police and infrastructure funded by Basque taxes; the quota pays for State services such as defence and foreign affairs. | Health, education and infrastructure funded by indirect, corporate and personal taxes; parishes run local services. | |
| How is AI used? | No specific role for AI. | No specific role for AI. | |
| What are the main risks? | Disputes over quota valuation and solidarity; EU state-aid challenges; dependence on political bargaining in Madrid. | Clash between the episcopal co-prince and legislation such as abortion; exclusion of non-citizens; dependence on France, Spain and the EU. |
This illustrates differences in design; it is not a universal claim about outcomes. Each cell links to mechanisms and the claims behind them.