How each model solves the same problems
Instead of “democracy versus anarchism”, compare the concrete ways collective problems get solved.
| Question | + Model | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| How are decisions made? | Bonfire groups and four neighbourhood assemblies; a general assembly; a Concejo Mayor of twelve K'eris chosen by open vote for three years; specialised operational councils.Popular assembly | A statutory authority (UIDAI) under the central government sets rules; ministries decide where Aadhaar is required; Parliament legislated in 2016 and 2019.Digital identity | |
| How are conflicts resolved? | Neighbourhood and general assemblies, a communal justice council, and recourse to federal electoral and constitutional courts against the state. | Grievance channels at UIDAI and service agencies; constitutional challenges in the Supreme Court, which ruled in 2017 and 2018. | |
| How are public goods funded? | Community security patrols, forest protection and reforestation, water and municipal services funded by transfers and communal enterprises. | A universal, low-cost proof of identity used for welfare transfers, financial inclusion and public services. | |
| How is AI used? | No specific role for AI. | No AI in decision-making as such; automated biometric matching and deduplication decide authentication, and face authentication was added in 2018. | |
| What are the main risks? | Pressure from organised crime and avocado expansion; exclusion of dissenters, women or youth; open voting; dependence on government transfers. | Exclusion through authentication failures, data leaks, surveillance and profiling, weak independent oversight and function creep.CLM-0544 |
This illustrates differences in design; it is not a universal claim about outcomes. Each cell links to mechanisms and the claims behind them.