Polity Atlas
EstablishedSource attached · not independently reviewedCLM-0273 · as of 2026-10-23 · about: Iron law of oligarchy · Author: Polity Atlas editorial team

“Lipset, Trow and Coleman's Union Democracy (1956) studied the International Typographical Union, whose internal two-party competition is cited as a counterexample to Michels's thesis.”

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