Polity Atlas
EstablishedSource attached · not independently reviewedCLM-1015 · as of 2026-10-30 · about: One-party state · Author: Polity Atlas editorial team

“Ashton, Hill, Piazza and Zeitz (1984), reconstructing China's population data, estimated about 30 million excess deaths in the famine of 1958–61 that followed the Great Leap Forward.”

Context. Later estimates range from below 20 million to over 40 million depending on method.

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