Medieval Russia, 980–1584 (2nd edition)
Janet Martin — Medieval Russia, 980–1584 (2nd edition) (2007)Janet Martin · 2007 · 图书已确立已附来源 · 尚未独立核实CLM-0362 · 截至 2026-10-27 · 涉及：诺夫哥罗德共和国（维彻城邦） · 作者：Polity Atlas editorial team
“1136年驱逐弗谢沃洛德·姆斯季斯拉维奇亲王后，诺夫哥罗德邀请各亲王在宣誓协议下执政，并通过市民大会（veche）和民选官员（波萨德尼克与千人长）治理；从十二世纪中叶起，诺夫哥罗德人还自行选举主教，该职位于1165年升格为大主教。”
支持的证据
3Lord Novgorod the Great: Essays in the History and Culture of a Medieval City-State. Part 1: The Historical Background
Henrik Birnbaum — Lord Novgorod the Great: Essays in the History and Culture of a Medieval City-State. Part 1: The Historical Background (1981)Henrik Birnbaum · 1981 · 图书The Chronicle of Novgorod, 1016–1471 (translated by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes)
Novgorod chroniclers — The Chronicle of Novgorod, 1016–1471 (translated by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes) (1914)Novgorod chroniclers · 1914 · 图书 · pp. 14–15 (1136), 21–22 (bishop chosen by the whole town, 1156), 24 (archbishopric, 1165); introduction pp. xiv–xv反驳的证据
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